Namibia’s protected areas generate more than N$140 million annually from tourism and conservation fees and support the livelihoods of at least 500,000 people, according to a revised draft national policy on prospecting and mining in protected and environmentally sensitive areas.
The draft, prepared by the Ministry of Environment, Forestry and Tourism in partnership with the Ministry of Mines and Energy, is yet to be submitted to Cabinet for approval.
It states that Etosha National Park brings in about N$90 million each year from entrance and conservation fees. An additional N$20 million could be generated annually through concession fees if all identified tourism opportunities are developed.
“Several tourism concessions in the park have been awarded to neighbouring conservancies and the Hai//om San community,” the policy reads. “Once fully operationalised, these concessions will generate more revenues for the state and provide economic benefits to local communities.”
Namib-Naukluft National Park generates about N$20 million per year, making it the country’s second-highest income earner. The draft notes the sensitivity of the northern section due to gypsum crusts, which are easily damaged and do not recover after rehabilitation.
“It has one of the most scenic coastlines on the planet,” the policy adds.
In Skeleton Coast National Park, new concession developments are expected to add more than N$10 million annually once fully operational. The draft highlights ecological changes in the area, including the growth of Cape fur seal colonies at Toscanini, Palgrave Point, Möwe Bay and Cape Fria.
The policy projects an additional N$20 million in concession income from parks across the country if all identified opportunities are realised.
Cape Cross Nature Reserve, despite its small size, is noted as the third-highest revenue generator with N$4.2 million annually. The draft describes it as “an important bird area” with “extremely important historical sites and a significant lichen area,” as well as global significance as a surfing destination with a five-star lodge nearby.
Beyond revenue, the policy emphasises the role of protected areas in supporting rural employment. It estimates that more than half a million Namibians benefit from income linked to wildlife tourism, conservancies, and hunting activities, with over 70% of national tourism activity occurring in protected areas.
